The relative amount the amplitude is changed, and the units of the fader, are based on the decibel (dB) scale. It is used to increase or decrease the amplitude of a signal. One of the most common controls audio engineers use is the channel fader. Here, the first character in the variable name is lowercase… Many programmers across many programming languages use a convention of character capitalization called: camel case. This will make your code easier to read, especially if you are having to review it months or years later. Think about the purpose of the variable and for what it will be used when determining a name. Use a variable name with a descriptive meaning whenever possible. ![]() There are several recommendations worth using when naming variables. Variable names may not contain symbols such as: #, $, %, &, etc. Variable names may contain numbers, but may not begin with a number. Variable names may be individual text characters or multiple text characters. The Matlab programming language has several restrictions for how variables can be named. When naming variables as a programmer, there are several rules which must be followed and several “best practices” which should be followed. Here are the steps required to calculate the linear panning functions. The first, and most intuitive, function to consider is the linear panning function. There are several mathematical panning functions which can be used to determine the level of the amplitude should be for each channel based on the position of a (virtual) panning potentiometer. When the knob is turned to the center, the amplitude is identical in both channels. When the pan pot is turned to the left, the amplitude of the signal in the left channel is increased while the amplitude in the right channel is decreased. The basic function of a pan pot is to change the amplitude of a signal in the left channel and also change the amplitude in the right channel. With a stereo pair of loudspeakers, the pan pot changes the signal from the left side over to the right side. The panning potentiometer (pan pot) is a variable control allowing an audio engineer to place a signal at different locations across the stereo field. Therefore, by having a gain of negative one on the delayed path, it flips which frequencies… High frequencies will pass through with constructive interference. This is the opposite result of the low-pass filter. When the two paths are combined at the output, low frequencies will be canceled out due to destructive interference. In other words, it flips the signal or reflects the waveform across the horizontal axis. This is equivalent to inverting the polarity of the signal. For the HPF, a gain of negative one is used on the delayed path. Parallel processing is used with one sample of delay. One implementation of a HPF is based on a modification to the low-pass filter. ![]() In other words, the high frequencies pass through the filter and the low frequencies are cut. The HPF can be used to reduce the amplitude of low frequencies without changing the amplitude of high frequencies. It is the complement of the low-pass filter. A high-pass filter (HPF) is a type of spectral effect.
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